DNA

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

A molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the development, function, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms. DNA is located in the nucleus of cells in the form of a double-stranded helix and consists of four chemical bases:

• Adenine (A)
• Thymine (T)
• Cytosine (C)
• Guanine (G)

The sequence of these bases determines the genetic code that is used to create proteins and other molecules necessary for the function and growth of living organisms.

The discovery of DNA’s structure and function in the mid-20th century revolutionized the field of biology and genetics, enabling scientists to understand how genetic information is passed from one generation to the next and how variations in DNA contribute to differences between individuals and species. Today, DNA analysis is used in a wide range of applications such as forensics, medicine, agriculture, and evolutionary biology.

• Abbreviation: DNA