TIN

Taxpayer Identification Number

A unique identifier used by the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to track individuals and entities for tax purposes. It serves as the key reference number for filing returns, reporting income, and fulfilling other federal tax obligations. Without a valid TIN, taxpayers may be subject to penalties, delayed processing of returns, or loss of certain tax benefits.

There are several types of TINs, each assigned based on the taxpayer’s status and purpose.

• Social Security Number (SSN): Issued to individuals for personal tax reporting and identification.
• Employer Identification Number (EIN): Used by businesses, trusts, estates, and certain other entities.
• Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN): For nonresident and resident aliens who are not eligible for an SSN.
• Adoption Taxpayer Identification Number (ATIN): Temporarily issued for children being adopted in the U.S. until an SSN is available.

In addition to being essential for federal tax reporting, TINs are often required for banking, employment eligibility verification, and certain government benefits. The IRS uses TINs to match tax returns with reported income and to maintain accurate records for compliance purposes. For security and privacy, taxpayers are advised to safeguard their TIN to prevent identity theft and fraudulent use.